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Cyberstalking is a type of stalking that occurs online and using technology, and as this is a psychology podcast, we have to question why people do this. In this useful psychology podcast episode, we investigate the gender, personality and other factors that are likely to impact cyberstalking behaviour. If you’re interested in how social psychology and clinical psychology intersects with cyberpsychology then you’re in for a treat. Today’s episode has been sponsored by Personality Psychology and Individual Differences. Available from all major eBook retailers and you can order the paperback and hardback copies from Amazon, your local bookstore and local library, if you request it. Introduction To Cyberstalking One of the things that makes this issue so interesting is that everyone throws the word about like it's nothing. For example, I regularly hear people say how they “stalk” celebrities online and check in on their social media accounts once, twice or three times a day. This overuse of the term “stalking” isn’t exactly helpful because all forms of stalking can be very serious in the “right” circumstance, but is understandable. I am no different because I occasionally state I stalk celebrities and a politician or two online. Although, the form of cyberstalking that is common is the following situation. When a man or woman (or to be honest any intimate partner) are asleep and when the man had fallen asleep, the woman checks the man’s phone if they know their password or have face ID access. Then the woman starts reading their messages and checking up on their boyfriends. That is the form of cyberstalking that we’ll be focusing on in today’s episode because it’s common, and it’s been very well researched in a recent paper by Evita March et al. (2022). Since this paper gives us insight into why this happens and more. Also, I know this might not sound like cyberstalking because at least, I imagine cyberstalking involves stalking people online, possibly hacking them and harassing the stalker’s target. Therefore, I understand how in comparison to online harassment and menacing online acts, “simply” checking a partner’s phone might be seen as relatively innocent and acceptable. Especially, when we consider how this tends to involve checking in on a long-partner and investigating their commitment to the relationship, or checking out a potential short-term relationship to get information like their sexual promiscuity. Although, this matches cyberstalking behaviours in a sense because one of the aims of cyberstalking is to retain or gain a partner. As well as knowing relationship commitment and sexual promiscuity definitely helps achieve that aim. Furthermore, it’s perfectly possible that a person’s motivation to monitor their partner online is related to their personality. Since the study we’ll look at in a moment does find cyberstalking implications for the Dark Tetrad. These are the personality traits of narcissism, psychopathy, sadism and machvavellism. March et al. (2022) The main study we’ll look at in this episode was done by March and her peers because they aimed to investigate the different methods people used to monitor or cyberstalk their imitate partner and what techniques were used to get this information. These methods were gathered from long-term and short-term partners, data about personality traits as defined in the Dark Tetrad classification were collected and mating goals whether the person wanted to gain or retain a mate. All that data was collected. Moreover, the study measured cyberstalking with 21 items asking participants to rate whether or not they would engage in each type of behaviour by responding to yes or no questions, in 4 different contexts, long-term or short-term relationships and while pursuing the goal of either gaining or retaining a mate. In other words, the participants had to think about how they would behave in each of these life circumstances. For example, how they would engage in these techniques if they were in a short-term relationship compared to long-term. Then a factor analysis was run to classify the cyberstalking behaviours into three different types of cyberstalking. The researchers labelled these as duplicitous. This involved behaviours like using the location settings on a partner’s phone to see where they’ve been. Personally, I find that just creepy and flat out wrong. The second classification was invasive. For example, partners would use invasive behaviours to get information from their partner, like checking the partner’s messages and phone history. Then finally, there was passive cyberstalking behaviour involving checking the online status of a partner. In my opinion, I think whenever we casually throw around the word “cyberstalking”. We definitely mean passive cyberstalking because scrolling through our favourite person’s social media account is very passive, and maybe we like or comment on a few things. What Were The Results Of March Et Al. (2022)? The findings of the study show that thankfully both men and women were more likely to passively cyberstalk their partner compared to using invasive or duplicitous methods. This makes sense because most people just want to see what their partner is up to online and whilst I suppose there is an argument that duplicitous methods of cyberstalking, like using the location app to monitor your partner’s movements, might be more beneficial. Since this allows you to get higher quality information, it is probably outside a lot of people’s comfort zones because I’m fairly sure that’s illegal. Interestingly, the results show that women cyberstalk a lot more than men do. Due to women are a lot more likely to use invasive and passive forms of cyberstalking than men. As well as women engage more in invasive cyberstalking to retain a long-term partner and they use invasive cyberstalking to gain a short-term partner too. And I think those results are really interesting. Especially, as whenever I think of cyberstalking I always imagine men doing and a lot of media and other representations of cyberstalking is that it is a male dominated task. Yet one possible explanation for why women cyberstalk more than men can be found in Trivers (1972) because he argued that from an evolutionary perspective it makes sense. since if women made a mistake in choosing their sexual partner then this is potentially more costly for women than men. Due to women have to invest more in parenting compared to men and domestic violence happens more than women than men. Therefore, it is arguable that cyberstalking provides women with a low-risk strategy to avoid making these errors in their partner choice. Personally, I think this is very understandable to some extent because I think in the UK and across the western world there have been a lot of high-profile murders of women on the news. Also, whilst I know that I am almost certainly tapping into media bias and the availability bias here, the research does show that women are more likely to get abused, assaulted and murdered by male partners so it makes sense that partner choice is more costly to women than men. I can understand why cyberstalking is a strategy to help women get information but I still think there are some ethical and possibly legal questions about this strategy. Moreover, something interesting that March and her peers did note was that it is strange that women reported using invasive cyberstalking to get a short-term partner. This is weird because invasive forms of cyberstalking offer require greater knowledge of a partner than would normally be available in a short-term relationship. For instance, in my mind, if I’m in a short-term relationship with a guy then I’m hardly going to give him access to my phone. That makes no sense to me, so that finding is a little strange. How Cyberstalking Links To Personality Psychology? To wrap up the results of the study, the research did find that personality impacts cyberstalking because people higher in sadism, narcissism, psychopathy and Machvavellism were related to higher levels of intimate partner cyberstalking. Although, when each form of cyberstalking was examined more closely, it was only psychopathy that related to duplicitous, invasive and passive forms of cyberstalking. As well as machvavellism was associated with passive and invasive cyberstalking but not duplicitous. Also, sadism, Machvavellism and narcissism didn’t impact invasive cyberstalking too. Cyberpsychology and Personality Psychology Conclusion To wrap up today’s episode, cyberstalking can be a very serious crime and problem for people who are harassed and menaced online. And whilst March et al. (2022) only looked at intimate partner cyberstalking, this is still an important area to learn about because I’m sure there’s some research out there on the possibly darker implications of cyberstalking in relationships. Or maybe that really is just for Hollywood and entertainment. As you’re seen in this episode, gender and personality traits play a large role in cyberstalking and this study and others do raise massive questions about cyberstalking and whether it is good or not. So please let me know your thoughts. Is the fact that errors in partner choice are more costly to women than men enough to justify cyberstalking? I really hope you enjoyed today’s clinical psychology podcast episode. If you want to learn more, please check out: FREE 8 PSYCHOLOGY BOOK BOXSET Personality Psychology and Individual Differences. Available from all major eBook retailers and you can order the paperback and hardback copies from Amazon, your local bookstore and local library, if you request it. Buy Me A Coffee Have a great day. Cyberpsychology and Personality Psychology References March E, Szymczak P. Di Rago, M, Jonason, P. K. (2022). ‘Passive, invasive, and duplicitous: Three forms of intimate partner cyberstalking’ Personality and Individual Differences, 189. Trivers, R. L. (1972). ‘Parental investment and sexual selection.’ In B. Campbell (Ed.), Sexual selection and the descent of man (pp. 1871–1971). Aldine. I truly hope that you’ve enjoyed this blog post and if you feel like supporting the blog on an ongoing basis and get lots of rewards, then please head to my Patreon page. However, if want to show one-time support and appreciation, the place to do that is PayPal. If you do that, please include your email address in the notes section, so I can say thank you. Which I am going to say right now. Thank you! Click https://www.buymeacoffee.com/connorwhiteley for a one-time bit of support. Click www.paypal.me/connorwhiteley1 to go to PayPal.

Celebrating the release of my brand-new dementia book, I want to investigate whether or not dementia rates are declining or increasing. Due to the advancement of medical care or maybe the ageing population of certain worlds will lead to an increase in dementia rates. In this great podcast episode we investigate this clinical psychology topic in depth to help you understand more about dementia. If you enjoy mental health, neuroscience and clinical psychology then you’ll love today’s episode. This episode has been sponsored by Dementia Psychology: A Biological Psychology, Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience Guide To Dementia. Available from all major eBook retailers and you can order the paperback and hardback copies from Amazon, your local bookstore and local library, if you request it. Extract From Dementia Psychology By Connor Whiteley. COPYRIGHT 2023 Connor Whiteley. Before we move onto the last two chapters of the book, I wanted us to look at a very interesting argument and some findings from a recent study on dementia rates. The main reason why I wanted us to look at this is simply because in psychology and science as a whole, we always need to look at both sides of an argument, and dementia is no different. Therefore, one of the subtle arguments throughout the book and in the dementia literature is that dementia rates will only grow and grow and grow over the next few decades, but this might not be the case possibly after all. Yet if it does than all these dementia cases will put an immense pressure on our society, medical services and other public services and these will only cost more and more to taxpayers. Then there’s the personal costs because families will be devastated that this is happening to their loved one and they will somehow have to pay for care. As well as with a lot of western countries like the United Kingdom and Italy have ageing populations, these only encourage the rates of dementia cases to rise. As a result, in an article by The Alzheimer Cohorts Consortium, they suggest that the dementia case burden might not be as bad as feared. Due to they presents results of a comprehensive research project examining thousands of people aged over 65 between 1988 and 2015. For their study they used 9 cohort studies in United States, Sweden, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Iceland and France, along with data collected from 49,202 participants and it must be noted that 59% of the participants were female. But as you’ll see in our final chapter is this is probably not a population or sample bias, it might be a great realistic look at the dementia population. Out of all these people studied in the cohort studies, 4,253 participants unfortunately developed some form of dementia by 2015 and the incidence of new dementia diagnosis is steadily increasing with age. Although, against the expectations of the researchers, there was a 13% decrease in all-cause dementia per decade since 1998 with a similar decrease found for cases of Alzheimer’s disease alone, as well as men showed a much higher decrease than women of 24% compared to 8%. I know that was a lot of information in that paragraph but it’s basically saying there was a lot of decreases in different groups, suggesting an overall decrease in dementia cases. Consequently, if these trends continue in Europe and North America over the next few decades, there could be 15 million fewer dementia cases than expected in high-income countries alone. Possibly meaning by 2040, there could be 60 million fewer new cases of dementia. That would be brilliant. In addition, whilst this study seems to contradict earlier studies, thankfully these trends do seem fairly robust over time and across different countries. Personally, this is a great study to look at because its methodology does use a lot of my favourite research techniques, and that’s actually what makes it a very powerful study. Since the study uses data from a lot of people and 6 different countries on two different continents. Therefore, it is a lot more difficult for critics to condemn the study for making grand conclusions based on tiny amounts of data from a single country. Instead because there are so many participants from so many different countries and continents, these results suggest there is a universal behavioural trend going on that dementia rates are decreasing in higher income countries. Of course, as psychology students and professionals, we always need to be balanced. So I will add that these results (like the research says) can only apply to higher income countries because no middle or lower income countries were used in the research sample, and as you’ll see in the next two chapters those types of countries have their own problems. Also, I am slightly concerned about the size of the research sample overall compared to the population of those countries. For example, off the top of my head, the USA’s population is around 350 million people and according to Statista.com in 2020 16.9% of the US’s population was aged over 65 giving us around 59 million people. Therefore, even if all 49,000 participants where from the US then this isn’t a very large sample and probably representative of the overall over 65 population in each country. Especially when you have stark regional differences like the USA (next chapter). I know it’s a bit picky but there are just some limitations of the research. Possible Explanations Building upon these findings, there are no easy explanations for why this decrease seems to be happening, but it is important to find out why says the lead author of the research Albert Hofman. As well as he acknowledges the true explanation is likely related to overall improvements in medical care over decades for older adults in high income countries. For example, over the past few decades there have been improvements in cardiovascular treatment like statins and other medications to control blood pressure, inflammation and cholesterol, and as we saw from a previous chapter, maintaining good cardiovascular health is important to protect your health and reduce risk of dementia. In addition, over the past few decades as the public and society as a whole have become more aware of healthy living. There have been a lot of people introducing other healthy lifestyle changes and more to help them ensure they have a healthier life, and this helps many people who might have developed dementia otherwise. On the other hand, there has been a sharp rise in diabetes and obesity in western countries and according to Hofman (and I highly doubt any medical professional would disagree) these are two risk factors not helpful in curbing dementia. Moreover, over the past few decades, there has been an amazing rise in access to education and other mental stimulation to older people. Like the rise in websites, online courses and other educational content. For example, I would personally like to add that the rise of the internet has allowed older adults and everyone to access more information so they can learn and keep their minds active. As well as the rise of podcasts, like my one The Psychology World Podcast, have allowed older people to learn on the go and just listen if reading is a bit harder than it used to be. In fact, I get a good amount of emails a year and I’m really pleased that I’m able to help these older adults learn, stay active and hopefully reduce their risk of dementia. And the same goes for eBook or print books really, they are easier and cheaper to get now so this gives older people even more access to information. Dementia Psychology Conclusion Overall, this study might be very promising and it is truly amazing that we have such a hopeful finding from research. But we cannot stop worrying about the dramatic rises in dementia cases and potential impacts, because even if the predictions are not as bad as we feared, there will still be a lot of cases that will seriously strain our loved ones and our healthcare infrastructure. Then again, this does suggest that having proper healthcare and staying both mentally and physically active could help older adults live much longer and more productive lives. And that’s something all of us definitely want for ourselves, our friends and our loved ones. I really hope you enjoyed today’s clinical psychology podcast episode. If you want to learn more, please check out: FREE 8 PSYCHOLOGY BOOK BOXSET Dementia Psychology: A Biological Psychology, Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience Guide To Dementia. Available from all major eBook retailers and you can order the paperback and hardback copies from Amazon, your local bookstore and local library, if you request it. Buy Me A Coffee Have a great day. Cognitive Psychology Reference Whiteley, C. (2023) Dementia Psychology: A Biological Psychology, Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience Guide To Dementia. CGD Publishing. England I truly hope that you’ve enjoyed this blog post and if you feel like supporting the blog on an ongoing basis and get lots of rewards, then please head to my Patreon page. However, if want to show one-time support and appreciation, the place to do that is PayPal. If you do that, please include your email address in the notes section, so I can say thank you. Which I am going to say right now. Thank you! Click https://www.buymeacoffee.com/connorwhiteley for a one-time bit of support. Click www.paypal.me/connorwhiteley1 to go to PayPal.

Whenever people think about giving birth and having children, they think about a wonderfully peaceful birth that delivers a perfectly happy mother and child. Then the mother and child go on to be perfectly tender, loving and happy with the newborn and the entire birthing process is so idyllic that it is the best feeling in the world. However, this isn’t always the case and for some mothers pregnancy can be traumatic. In this clinical psychology episode, we investigate how mental health is impacted during and after pregnancy on women. If you enjoy clinical psychology, mental health and maternity care you’ll enjoy this episode. Today’s episode has been sponsored by Abnormal Psychology: The Causes And Treatments For Depression, Anxiety and More. Available from all major eBook retailers and you can order the paperback and hardback copies from Amazon, your local bookstore and local library, if you request it. What Happens When a Mother Has A Bad Birthing Experience? I think it’s a massive shame that a lot of women don’t have the traditional idyllic, joyous experience giving birth and becoming parents. Since a lot of people can feel cut off and distant from their own bodies, offspring and identities both during and after their pregnancy. And it’s important to note that this isn’t because the parents don’t care about the child and they don’t want a bond, because this can happen even when they really, really want that idyllic bond with their child. In addition, this distance that the parents feel can be increased or made worst by a range of mental health challenges that can and do change the course of lives for generations, particularly when the pregnancy wasn’t wanted in the first place. That’s something we’ll cover later in the episode. Also, this is a lot more common than people believe because Vegas-Lopez et al. (2008) found that across the globe 15% to 20% of people developed mental health conditions because of the birthing experience and their pregnancy. One example of these conditions is Postpartum Depression, and this is the most studied and common of these pregnancy-related conditions. Since nearly 1 in 6 women develop Postpartum Depression according to Wang et al. (2021) with symptoms including excessive sadness, crying, severe mood swings and unexpected changes in their sleeping, eating, lower energy and they not only withdraw from their friends and family but they struggle to bond with their child. Then to make things even worse for the mother, the depression they feel is in stark contrast to how they’re meant to feel after giving birth making them feel isolated, guilty, shameful and sad. With the external and internal stigma surrounding mental health conditions only interfering with the mother’s likelihood of seeking professional help and some studies find less than 20% of mothers actually do get help (Manso-Cordoba et al., 2020). Personally, this is why I hate stigma around mental health conditions because it is so negatively impactful and it does ruin so many lives. Since if there are less stigma then these mothers could seek professional help, get treated and then learn how to cope with their condition so they could have that idyllic bond that they want so badly. This is why it’s important to talk about these sort of mental health challenges so we can raise awareness and hopefully decrease this stigma. Moreover, a range of healthcare providers as well as researchers are continuing to learn about other mental health difficulties associated with pregnancy like the development of anxiety, OCD and posttraumatic stress disorder (Ali, 2018). For example, some pregnant women develop constant worrying, fear of uncleanliness and contamination and intrusive thoughts about aggression and harm towards the baby. We don’t understand why pregnant women get these symptoms but some people do, so we have to keep learning. As a result of these symptoms, parents can impose very strict rules and avoidance behaviours and since it’s so terrifying to talk about these thoughts about harming a child to a healthcare provider, so many parents suffer in silence and great shame. Due to if a parent does disclose these symptoms then they risk getting misdiagnosed, involuntary hospitalisation, inappropriate care and even getting separated from their families. And I don’t think there is a good way to deal with this disclosure from the point of view of a healthcare provider. Especially because I know about safeguarding procedures and this is a clear safeguarding risk so this does have to get reported. But equally we need to balance the need for child protection with what will help the mental health of the parent. They need to be treated regardless. What Happens If A Mother Doesn’t Get Professional Help? Sadly, the longer a mother goes without seeking professional help for their mental health during pregnancy and afterwards, the greater risk of the mental, financial and physical health problems getting worse. A lot worse. Since if the symptoms persist and get worse then the mother tends to withdraw more and more from their baby and toddler. So the child in turn is less likely to develop a secure attachment style so this has long term impacts for the rest of their childhood and adulthood. This is even more concerning when we consider how these people might then start to become parents themselves. In addition, if a mother doesn’t get the needed treatment, then naturally they will try to cope themselves. And as we know from clinical psychology, these strategies are always maladaptive and not helpful in the long term. Therefore, the parent would probably turn to drugs and alcohol. With the worst impacts of mothers not getting treated is that OCD is the 5th most cause of disability for women aged between 15 and 44 (Speisman et al., 2011) and suicide as well as overdoses are two most common causes of death for new mothers. That is why treatment is so critical. How Pregnancy and Postpartum Period Impact Existing Mental Health Conditions? However, pregnancy and the postpartum period afterwards aren’t only a risky time period for developing new mental health conditions because existing conditions can be made worse during this time. Since pregnancy requires mothers to make changes to their lifestyle and jobs and they might have to take certain medications. This is all before we consider the massive financial burdens that having children places on families. As well as because so many medications for mental health conditions aren’t deemed safe for babies, people are often advised to stop taking them which is good for the baby’s health during both the pregnancy and the feeding period. But what about the mother’s mental health? Therefore, the break from medication, the financial burden, the immense lifestyle changes and stress caused by a pregnancy. It’s actually amazing more people don’t have a mental health crisis during pregnancy. Personally, I can see how this would be a nightmare for any family because all these are factors are stressful, negative, awful. And I think families are heroes for having to deal with everything before you add in mental health conditions. So whilst I don’t think there is a “true” answer about how do we manage this better and better support pregnant women with mental health conditions during this time. It is still something we have to focus on. Even worse, this is all whilst mothers go through with a birth that they wanted to complete. What happens when a mother goes through a pregnancy they don’t want? What Happens When A Mother Is Forced To Complete An Unwanted Pregnancy? Very interestingly there was ground-breaking research published in the book “The Turnaway Study” in 2020 and it examined the impact of women being denied an abortion and chance to terminate their pregnancy with it looking at over 1,000 women over the years (Foster, 2020). They got very clear data and it went way beyond mental health implications. Since a woman wanting an abortion was NOT associated with negative mental health outcomes. In other words, just because a woman wanted an abortion did not mean she was “to put in coequally” not in her right mind. On the other hand, if a woman was denied an abortion then she did suffer from negative mental health outcomes. A real shocker I know. Since these women are more likely to experience anxiety, stress, physical and financial harm when compared to women who had abortions. In addition, women who were denied abortions were more likely to have life-threatening complications during the pregnancy and have more chronic health problems after birth. But of course making abortions illegal helps protect everyone. Yeah right? Furthermore, if a woman was denied an abortion then they were more likely to live in poverty, have a lower credit score and have more debt. As well as their children and the mother themselves were more likely to remain with a violent partner or have no partner or family support. And all those negative outcomes are before we consider that women who are denied abortions experience all these social, financial and physical problems resulting in negative impacts for a child’s development becoming a certainty. But of course as everyone says, abortions are flat out wrong. To me whoever says that is just flat out stupid. Pregnancy Mental Health Conclusion As we bring this clinical psychology episode to a close, let me just say that I truly hope all of you have a brilliant pregnancy if you’re a mother and if you’re a male listener, then I hope your partner is okay. Whilst the vast majority of people having a pregnancy will be okay, there are of course some people that will not be. And that’s okay. It doesn’t make them rubbish parents, bad people or evil monsters that need their child to be ripped away from them. It just means that they need help, support and love and despite nothing on the podcast ever being official advice, if you’re a mother having a hard time, please seek professional help. Pregnancy can be a magical time for everyone given the right support, guidance and most importantly, love. I really hope you enjoyed today’s forensic psychology podcast episode. If you want to learn more, please check out: FREE 8 PSYCHOLOGY BOOK BOXSET Abnormal Psychology: The Causes And Treatments For Depression, Anxiety and More. Available from all major eBook retailers and you can order the paperback and hardback copies from Amazon, your local bookstore and local library, if you request it. Buy Me A Coffee Have a great day. Pregnancy Mental Health References Ali, E. (2018). Women’s experiences with postpartum anxiety disorders: a narrative literature review. International Journal of Women’s Health, 237-249. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S158621 Miller, S., Wherry, L. R., & Foster, D. G. (2020, May). What happens after an abortion denial? A review of results from the Turnaway study. In AEA Papers and Proceedings (Vol. 110, pp. 226-230). 2014 Broadway, Suite 305, Nashville, TN 37203: American Economic Association. Foster, D. G. (2020). The turnaway study: ten years, a thousand women, and the consequences of having–or being denied–an abortion. NY: Scribner. Manso-Córdoba, S., Pickering, S., Ortega, M. A., Asúnsolo, Á., & Romero, D. (2020). Factors related to seeking help for postpartum depression: a secondary analysis of New York City PRAMS data. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9328-9340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249328 Speisman, B. B., Storch, E. A., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2011). Postpartum obsessive‐compulsive disorder. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 40(6), 680-690. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2011.01294.x Vesga-Lopez, O., Blanco, C., Keyes, K., Olfson, M., Grant, B. F., & Hasin, D. S. (2008). Psychiatric disorders in pregnant and postpartum women in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65(7), 805–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.65.7.805 Wang, Z., Liu, J., Shuai, H., Cai, Z., Fu, X., Liu, Y., Xiong, X., Zhang, W., Krabbendam, E., Liu, S., Liu, Z., Li, Z., & Yang, B. X. (2021). Mapping global prevalence of depression among postpartum women. Translational Psychiatry, 11, 543-566. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01663-6 I truly hope that you’ve enjoyed this blog post and if you feel like supporting the blog on an ongoing basis and get lots of rewards, then please head to my Patreon page. However, if want to show one-time support and appreciation, the place to do that is PayPal. If you do that, please include your email address in the notes section, so I can say thank you. Which I am going to say right now. Thank you! Click https://www.buymeacoffee.com/connorwhiteley for a one-time bit of support. Click www.paypal.me/connorwhiteley1 to go to PayPal.

The Psychology World Podcast by Connor Whiteley Do you want to learn about psychology? Do you want to learn about the latest psychology news? Do you want an enjoyable podcast that will teach you about psychology? If the answer is yes to any of those questions, then this is the podcast for you as you will learn about the many areas of psychology; like abnormal psychology and cognitive psychology; in an easy to understand way. By the end of each episode you will learn something interesting about psychology. So please join me for another episode of The Psychology World Podcast… The Psychology World Podcast Episodes: Episode 197- Why Do People Cyberstalk Others? Episode 196- Are Dementia Rates Declining? Episode 195- How Pregnancy Negatively Impacts Mental Health? Episode 194- Who Is Most Vulnerable To Misinformation? Episode 193- How Could Restorative Justice Be A Trauma-Informed Approach To Justice? Episode 192- 5 Myths About Suicide Episode 191- How To Manage Workplace Romances? Episode 190- What's Wrong With The Perfect Body. A Clinical Psychology, Eating Disorders And Body Image Issue Episode. Episode 189- When Does Psychotherapy End? Episode 188- Why Are Careers In Psychology Important To Investigate? Episode 187- Why Are People Fascinated By Serial Killers? Episode 186- How ADHD Affects Therapists? Episode 185- Why Do Children Start Fires? Episode 184- What Terror Management Theory Teaches Us About Christmas? Episode 183- How To Tell If A Seasonal Romance Is Serious Or Not? Episode 182- What Is Enhanced Cognitive Behavioural Therapy? Episode 181- What Are The Differences Between Psychology And Social Work? Episode 180- Is Person-First Or Diagnosis-First Language Better? Episode 179- Why Do Couples Breakup? Episode 178- How To Prevent Burnout In Autistic People and What Is Spoon Theory? Episode 177- How Can Psychotherapy Be Combined With Ketamine? Episode 176- What Is Neuromodulation? A Clinical Psychology and Cognitive Psychology Podcast Episode. Episode 175- Body Negativity In Boys and Why This Is A Silent Problem? Episode 174- 4 Factors That Cause Friendships To End. Episode 173- What Are The Benefits of Speaking Ill of The Dead For Trauma Survivors? Episode 172- What Are The Signs of Infidelity? Episode 171- Could Borderline Personality Disorder Be An Adaptation? Episode 170- What To Know When Looking For A Therapist? Episode 169- How To Promote A Healthy Gut-Brain Connection? Episode 168- 5 Ways To Live Longer According To Biological Psychology Episode 167- Why Most Online Trolls Have Subclinical Sadism? Episode 166- When Defence Mechanisms Interfere With Therapy? Episode 165- Why Is Dyslexia A Cognitive Strength, Not A Disorder? Episode 164- Who's More Likely To Recover From Psychosis? Episode 163- What Are New Treatments For Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder? Episode 162- What Is Coercive Control? Episode 161- What Is Gaslighting And When Is It Gaslighting? Episode 160- What Is The Criminal Psychology of Poisonings? Episode 159- What Links Russian Espionage And Evolutionary Psychology? Episode 158- Are Psychopaths Really More Likely To Be Successful? Episode 157- Is There A Better Diagnosis Model For Mental Health Conditions? Episode 156- Myths About Marriage Episode 155- 5 Harmful Myths About Child Sexual Abuse Episode 154- What Is Forensic Psychopathology? Episode 153- Is It Okay For Clients To Ask Psychotherapists Questions? Episode 152- Mental Health: What Is Admissible In Court? Episode 151- What Is The Case For Bibliotherapy? Episode 150- What Are The Mental Health Pros and Cons of Marijuana Use? Episode 149- 5 Things Therapists Shouldn't Do In Therapy Episode 148- Scandals, Weather and TV Adverts. Psychology of Voting Part 2. Episode 147- Psychology of Voting Part 1 Episode 146- 5 Ways Psychology Can Change Your Life Episode 145- How Beauty Amplifies A Psychopath's Natural Advantage? Episode 144- Why Do People Emotional Abuse Others? Episode 143- How Does Propaganda Work Against Opposition? Episode 142- What Happens When Therapists Are Attracted To Their Clients? Episode 141- How Does Propaganda Work? Episode 140- Suicide and Prisons. Episode 139- What Happens When Young People Go To War? Episode 138- How Dementia Impacts Criminal Behaviour? Episode 137- What's The Difference Between A Psychopath and Sociopath? Episode 136- Why Do People Think Psychology Is A Bad Career Choice? Episode 135- How Does Depression Impact Suicide? 3 Questions Answered Episode 134- Why Is It Difficult Domestic Abuse Against Men? Episode 133- Why Dementia Isn't A Diagnosis? Episode 132- What Are Forensic Psychology Careers? Episode 131- How Social Factors Impact Male Suicide and Suicide Prevention? Episode 130- Police Culture and Police Psychology Episode 129- Basics of Cult Psychology Episode 128- 5 New Ways To Keep Your Brain Healthy and Reduce Your Risk of Dementia. Episode 127- How To Boost Mental Health? Research From Clinical Psychology and Positive Psychology Episode 126- 5 Signs of Psychopathic Personality Episode 125- 5 Ways To Reduce Holiday Stress Episode 124- 5 Signs You Might Need Therapy For Psychology Students and Psychology Professionals Episode 123- What is Dementia and Types of Dementia? Episode 122- Male Suicide: A Silent Clinical Psychology Crisis Episode 121- Myths about Happiness. Episode 120- Paths To Becoming A Psychotherapist Episode 119- What Are The Benefits of Prioritising Friendships? Episode 118- How To Deal With An Angry Partner For University Psychology Students and professionals? Episode 117- 3 Tips To Stop Procrastination In Depressed People For University Students and Psychology Professionals. Episode 116- How 100 Year Olds Keep Their Minds Sharp? A Cognitive Psychology Podcast Episode. Episode 115- 4 Factors of Effective Psychotherapy Episode 114- Introduction To Personality Psychology Episode 113- Emotion and Cognition. Episode 112- How is Therapy Different Than Talking To Parents and Friends? Episode 111- In Defence Of Psychology... Episode 110- 3 Depression Myths Clinical Psychologists and Psychology Student Need To Know About. Episode 109- 3 Ways Your Brain Perceives The World Episode 108- How To Stop Rumination? Episode 107- 3 Awkward Things Clinical Psychologists Should Know In Psychotherapy Episode 106- How To Know If A Therapist Likes You? Episode 105- 3 New Tips To Help Build Psychological Resilience. Episode 104- How To Know If Your Therapist is A Match? Episode 103- How Success Can Change Personality? A Personality Psychology Episode. Episode 102- Where Depression Lives? Episode 101- 3 Surprising Facts About Gut Health and Behaviour. Episode 100- Lessons Learnt From 100 Episodes Of A Psychology Podcast Episode 99- What To Say To Someone When Someone's Died? Episode 98- 3 Beliefs That Can Harm Relationships Episode 97- Criminal Profiling: An Introduction to FBI Profiling Episode 96- Forensic Psychology of Shoplifting Episode 95- What Parents Should Know About Screen Time? Episode 94- How Do Narcissists Use Cult Leader Tactics To Control Others? Episode 93- What Can Your Client Do Yo Help With Their Psychotherapy? Episode 92- What Not To Say To Someone With Anxiety? Episode 91- Diversity Within Clinical Psychology and Clinical Psychology In Health Settings Episode 90- How Drugs Affect behaviour? A Biological and Clinical Psychology Podcast Episode. Episode 89- The Positives of Video Games and Interview With J. F Penn Reflection Episode 88- Why People Don't Help Others? A Social Psychology and Prosocial Behaviour Episode. Episode 87- Comments On Psychology of Religion and Psychology TV Programme Episode 86- Developmental Psychology: Can Children Learn From Video? Episode 85- My Thoughts On Genetic Treatments For Mental Health Conditions Episode 84- What Do Social Groups Do For Individuals? A Social Psychology Episode. Episode 83- Should Psychologists Be Able To Prescribe Medication: My Clinical Psychology Reflection Episode 82- What Causes Schizophrenia? Episode 81- The Timeless Debates In Psycholo9gy Episode 80- How Can Artificial intelligence Help Reduce Depression and Bipolar Disorder Misdiagnosis? Episode 79- Ways to Reduce Social Anxiety About Socialising After the Pandemic Episode 78- 5 Ways to Keep Your Brain Healthy and Reduce Your Risk of Getting Dementia Episode 77- How to Talk to Children About Mental Health Conditions? Episode 76- How To Make Anxiety Your Friend Using Clinical Psychology? Episode 75- What To DO When You or Your Clients Are Overwhelmed Using Clinical Psychology? Episode 74- 5 Myths About Hypnosis in Clinical Psychology Episode 73- 5 Harmful Thinking Patterns Using Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Episode 72-What Strong Relationships Have in Common? Episode 71- What Have You Lost or Found On Your Psychology Journey? Episode 70- How to Tell if Someone is Lying Using Psychology? Episode 69- The 'Fast Development= Risky Vaccine' Intuition and Consumer Lay theories Using Cognitive Psy chology Episode 68- How to Achieve your New Year resolutions? Episode 67- Approaches in Psychology for A Level Psychology Students Episode 66- How Couples Can Stop Arguing Using Social psychology? Episode 65- 3 Tips to Help You Avoid Christmas Gift Giving Mistakes Episode 64- 3 Tips to Help You Exercise More Episode 63-How can Social Media benefit Us? Episode 62- How to Help Men with their Mental Health? Episode 61- Psychology of Religion and Carl Jung with J. F Penn Episode 60- New Ways to Deal With Stress Episode 59- Can Halloween Benefit Our Mental Health? Episode 58- 3 Reasons We Get Bored in Relationships Episode 57- What is Formulation and Why is It Important? Episode 56- Should Psychologists Be Able To Prescribe Medication? Episode 55- Changing Visions 2040: Future of Psychology Episode 54- What is Clinical Psychology and Why is it Needed? Episode 53- 4 Personality Types Most Resilience During the Pandemic Episode 52- Why Do People Constantly Watch the News and How to Stay Optimistic During Difficult Times? Episode 51- 3 Tips to Help Build Resilience Episode 50- Psychology of Cults Episode 49- How Artificial Intelligence Could Impact Human Behaviour? My Predictions Episode 48- The Power of Re-framing a Mental Health Diagnosis Episode 47- The Ultimate Stress Reducer Episode 46- How Can You Help a Depressed Person? Episode 45- What influences language development? Episode 44- 5 Ways to help overcome social anxiety Episode 43- Why do more authentic people live happier lives? Episode 42- How can psychology help during the COVID-19 pandemic? BPS Conference 2020 highlights Episode 40- Differences in Sexual Interest Between Genders Episode 41-How to read people and decode facial expressions? Episode 38- Psychology of Cuteness and Why Your Need More of It in Your Life? Episode 39- How will Social Distancing Affect Child Development? Episode 37- How Does Racism Affect Your Health? Episode 36- What are Anxiety Disorders and Their Types? Episode 35- Myths About Apologies Episode 34- How Does Sleep Work? Episode 33- 5 Ways to Deal With Negative Thoughts Episode 32- Why Do We Have Such Large Brains? An Introduction to Social Cognition Episode 31- 5 Ways to Help a Friend With Grief Episode 30- Forensic Psychology: Does Treatment Work for Offenders? Episode 29- Forensic Psychology: Types of Legal Systems Episode 28- Forensic Psychology: Public and Crime Episode 27- Research Biases in Psychology Research Episode 26- Could Teletherapy be the Future of Psychotherapy? Episode 25- How to Increase Generalisability and Credibility in Psychology Research? Episode 24- What to Do During Lockdown Using Social Psychology? Episode 23- Research Types in Psychology Episode 22- How to Combat Loneliness During COVID-19 and Everyday Life? Episode 21- Developmental Psychology: How Poverty impacts Development Episode 20- Developmental Psychology: Role of Peers and Play in Child Development Episode 19- Developmental Psychology: Attachment Episode 18- Health Psychology: Social Reasons for why Obesity occurs Episode 17- Health Psychology: The Biopsychosocial Model Episode 16- Health Psychology: Biological Reasons for Obesity Episode 15- Forensic Psychology Episode 14- Bystanderism Episode 13- Cognitive Explanations for the Formation of Human Relationships Episode 12- Ethics in Psychology Episode 11- Abnormal Psychology: Treatment Options for Depression Episode 10- Abnormal Psychology: Cognitive Explanation for Depression Episode 9- What is Abnormal Psychology and Biological Explanation for Depression Episode 8-Social Cognitive Theory Episode 7- What is Social Psychology and Cultural Dimensions? Episode 6- Neurotransmitters Episode 5- Localisation Episode 4- What is Biological Psychology and Neuroplasticity? Episode 3- Reliability of Memory Episode 2- Thinking Biases Episode 1- What is Psychology and Cognition in a Digital World

FAQ page I’ve signed up for your newsletter, but I can’t find the confirmation email. I’m sorry to hear that but please check your spam folder as sometimes the email does end up in there. Can you review my manuscript? I’m afraid not because I am an author not an editor, publisher or proof-reader. What is cognitive psychology? Cognitive Psychology is a sub-field of psychology that focuses on mental processes and how they influence behaviour. Please read my book Cognitive Psychology 2nd Edition by Connor Whiteley for more information. ​ What is biological psychology? Biological psychology is a field of psychology that focuses on how biological processes impacts behaviour. Please read my book Biological Psychology 2nd Edition by Connor Whiteley for more information. What are some recommended psychology books to read? Personally, I think that my ‘An Introductory Series’ are the perfect psychology books to read because they explore a range of psychological topics in depth, but the books still explain these concepts with evidence in an easy to understand way. They’re perfect for students, teachers and anyone interested in psychology. Click here to see my psychology books. What’s social psychology? Social psychology is a field of psychology that focuses on how social processes, influences and other social related constructs impact behaviour. Please read Sociocultural Psychology 2nd Edition by Connor Whiteley for more information. What’s abnormal psychology? Abnormal Psychology is a field of psychology that focuses on psychological behaviour that deviants typically from social norms and harms the individual. This is a rough definition as it’s a big and complex topic. Please read Abnormal Psychology 2nd Edition by Connor Whiteley for more information. What’s developmental psychology? Developmental psychology is a field of psychology that focuses on how child develop and how this development is linked to behaviour. For example: brain development and the effects of poverty on development. Please read Developmental Psychology SECOND EDITION by Connor Whiteley for more information. What is An Introductory Series? An Introductory Series is a series of books by Connor Whiteley that explores a wide range of psychological concepts and breaks them down into easy to understand pieces of information so that anyone can start to become a Master of Psychology. Where can I find An Introductory Series? An Introductory Series is available from all major eBook retailers and you can order the paperback and hardback copies from Amazon, your local bookstore and local library, if you request it. What is your psychology podcast called? It's called The Psychology World Podcast. Where can I find The Psychology World Podcast? You can find it on all podcasting services and YouTube. For example, Spotify, Google Podcasts and Apple Podcasts. ​ What is CGD Publishing? CGD Publishing is an independent small press that focuses on publishing nonfiction psychology, scifi- fantasy and Books for Writers. You can learn more here. Does CGD Publishing welcome rights buyers? Yes, CGD Publishing very much welcomes questions and enquires about rights licensing. Especially, for foreign language markets and TV, Media and gaming.

PSYCHOLOGY BOOKS Here are my psychology books that are filled with easy to understand information for a great price. Click on the books below to see more information and access buy links for all online stores. Books are available in paperback, eBook, Large Print edition with a lot of the book available in Audio. You can buy my ebooks directly from me: www.payhip.com/connorwhiteley You can also get all my books for free if you request them on your library app or through your local Librarian. Psychology Book Collections and Boxsets Psychology of Stress: The video below on the psychology of stress; which dips into cognitive psychology social psychology; changed my life as now I believe that stress is good for you and this video shows how this thinking can help change and possibly save your life.